Home




The night, however, and the labor of the road, and the journey before that, compelled Chiarlymaen to sleep. And that sleep showed him clearly the subjugation of his men. For it appeared to him that he was at the gates of Spain with an ashen spear in his hand. And Gwenlwyd came and pulled it from his hand and brandished it until the spear was in tiny fragments above his head. And yet, although his vision was dreadful to him, he did not awaken more than before.

And he saw, after that, that he was in France, holding a bear bound by two chains, and the bear was biting him on his right arm, and rending his clothes and tearing the flesh and the skin, and chewing it as far as the bone wrathfully and savagely. And then he saw a leopard, coming from Spain, making a furious charge at him. And at that a hound came from his own court to receive the assault on behalf of his lord, and it attacked the leopard boldly and saved him from it. And nevertheless he did not rouse from his sleep, but continued sleeping the whole night.


The night before Chiarlymaen's army sets out for France, with Roland in the soon to be ambushed rearugard, the king has a dream. Animal metaphors are found in several renditions of the events surrounding the battle of Roncesvalles; Roland is often portrayed as a hound in them.

[click to close]



Help